MODUL PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE, PRESENT PERFECT TENSE DAN SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

 PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE
Menyatakan  kejadian yang sedang berlangsung.
1. RUMUS

(+) Subject + is/am/are + Ving + (object+adverb)
(-) Subject + is/am/are + not + Ving + (object+adverb)
(?) Is/am/are + subject + Ving + (object+adverb)
(-?) Is/am/are + subject + not + Ving + (object+adverb)
Example :
(+) She  is writing a letter now.
         (Dia sedang menulis sebuah surat sekarang)
 (-) She is not writing a letter now.
         (Dia tidak sedang menulis surat sekarang.)
  (?) Is she writing a letter now?
         (Apakah dia sedang menulis surat sekarang?)
         Jawaban untuk kalimat (?) bentuk ini adalah Yes,... atau No,....
         Jawaban :
        Yes, she is. (Ya)
        No, she is not. (Tidak)

2. FUNGSI
a.  Menyatakan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung di masa sekarang.
Example : Look at! Rifqi is dancing beautifully.

b. Menyatakan kejadian dalam kerangka proses.
→ Terdapat Time Signal = this + time

Example : Rifqi is studying at BBC this year.

c. Menyatakan kejengkelan.
→Terdapat adverb of frequency (keseringan)
Usually, often, always, .....

Example : you are alwasy disturbing me.
 (Kamu selalu mengganggu ku.)

d. Future time (sudah direncanakan sebelumnya.)

Example : Next time Rifqi is painting the wall.
(Minggu depan Rifqi akan mengecat tembok)

e. Menyatakan kejadian yang beransur-angsur berubah dimasa sekarang

Example :  Now the wind is blowing fasterland faster.
(Sekarang anginya berhembus semakin lama semakin kencang.)
f. Temporary characteristic (tumben)
→Syarat : kalimat nominal yang memenuhi syarat.

Example : You (be) are being foolish now.



PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Menyatakan kejadian  yang sedang/sudah terjadi.

A. RUMUS
1. Rumus Bentuk Verbal Sentence
(+) S + have/has + V3 + o + adverb
(- ) S + have/has + not + V3 + o + adverb
(? ) Have/Has + s + V3 + o + adverb?

Example:
(+) She has written a letter since 2 days.
(-) She has not written a letter since 2 days.
(?) Has she written letter since 2 days?

2. Rumus Bentuk Nominal Sentence
(+) S + have/has + been + 3 complement (ANA)
(-) S + have/has + not + been + 3 complement (ANA)
(?) Have/Has + s + been + 3 complement (ANA) ?

Example:
(+) They have been here for two hours.
(-) They have not been here for two hours.
(?) Have they been here for two hours.

B. MAKNA
(+) Sudah/Telah
(-) Belum
(?) Sudahkah ..... ?/Apakah ..... sudah ..... ?
(-?) Belumkah ..... ?/Apakah ..... belum ..... ?


C. TIME SIGNAL
1. Just →Penekanan
Makna : Baru saja
Posisi : Middle

Example : Rifqi has just come. (Rifqi baru saja datang.)

2. Already →Penekanan (kejadian lebih dahulu dari pada yang dibayangkan)
Makna : Sudah
Posisi : Initial, Middle, Final

Example : Already they have got married.
They have already got married.
They have got married already.
(Mereka sudah menikah.)

Note : Just & Already tidak bisa digunakan untuk kalimat (-) & (-?).

3. Not ..... yet ( Belum) →Penekanan

Example : Rifqi hasn’t met a beautiful girl yet.
(Rifqi belum menemui cewek cantik)

4. Adverb of Frequency
Always, Often, usually, Seldom, Ever, Never, Sometimes, Occasionally

Example : Rifqi has never been sad.
(Rifqi belum pernah sedih)

5. Adverb yang menunjukkkan durasi waktu
Up to now
Up to the present
Until now
Till now
So far
All + time
All + my
Recently
Lateli

Example : Until now Roni  hasn’t got a wife.
(Sampai saat ini Roni belum mendapatkan istri.)


6. Since & For
Since : Sejak
For : Selama

 Example : Juned has been here since the rain stopped.
(Juned sudah disini sejak hujan berhenti)

Juned has been here for 2 hours.
(Juned sudah disini selama 2 jam)



SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

Menyatakan kejadian yang akan datang.

1. RUMUS
Kalimat Verbal
(+) Subject + will/shall + V1 + (object+adverb)
(-) Subject + will/shall + not + V1 + (object+adverb)
(?) Will/Shall + subject + V1 + (object+adverb)
(-?) Will/Shall + subject + not + V1 + (object+adverb)

Note : will : digunakan untuk subject I, yuo, we, they, she, he, it
Shall : digunakan untuk subject I, we

Kalimat nominal
(+) Subject + will/shall + be + 3 complement
(-) Subject + will/shall + be + not + 3 complement
(?) Will/Shall + subject + be + 3 complement
(-?) Will/Shall + subject + not + be + 3 complement

2. Time signal
Nex + time
Next Sunday
Next day
Next night
Next week
Next month

General time in future time
Tomorrow
The day after tomorrow
Two day after tomorrow
Soon

3. Funsi
1. Menyatakan kejadian yang terjadi di waktu yang akan datang future time

Example : I will go to jakarta tomorrow. (saya akan pergi ke jakarta besok)

2. Prediksi
(Menyatakan prediksi mengenal sesuatu yang dianggap akan terjadi)

Example : Be carefull the boy will strike you.
(Hati-hati anak itu akan menyerangmu)

3. General truth in future
(Menyatakan kebenaran umum yang terjadi dimasa yang akan datang)

Example : Everyone will die. (Setiap orang akan mati)
Doomsday will come. (Kiamat akan datang)




SOAL :

Rifqi (smell) ................................. the flower now.

Tomorrow Zulfadlain (give) ............................... something to me.

Haq (come) ................................ next year.

My mother (cook) .......................................... in the kitchen.

I (live) ......................................... in Pegagan  now.

Rifqi (work) ......................................... in Pertamina for 3 years.

Ruslan (sleep) ................................... already.

My teacher  (arrive) ..............................

Haq (wash) ................................................. The car now.

Rifqi (study) ................................................ in BBC since 2015.